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This category explores the legal conditions for subcategories such as fiscal policy, institutions, law and society.

This category examines prevailing business conditions, with subcategories such as the business environment, employment market, finance and management.

This is a set of indicators including technology, science, education, health and environment that are associated with infrastructure.

Approximately two-thirds of the 180 competitiveness criteria, or 116 are quantitative in nature and can be directly observed for the province. Of these, 25 percent are intended as general background information and are not included in the competitiveness index calculation. The remaining one-third (64 criteria) are retrieved using an Executive Opinion Survey.

We use 180 competitiveness criteria that cover the different aspects of competitiveness for 16 subcategories divided into four main areas: economic performance, governance efficiency, business efficiency and infrastructure.

This category expQuantitative statistics measure specific facets of competitiveness for a certain period while surveys cover information that cannot be expressed in statistical numbers or that may cover a longer period of time. Furthermore, it allows for more current insight, as it does not rely on observed past values. The survey is intended as a complement to the statistics and demonstrates how the individuals and entities assess the environment given the value of certain influential indicators.

The Executive Opinion Survey is undertaken with mid and upper level management personnel representing private sector and business. It is distributed to randomly-selected business managers in each of the 21 provinces. In terms of scale, the survey had 525 respondents – equating to approximately 25 managers in each province. The survey contained 64 closed questions and one open.

The purpose of this survey is to compare the current level of development amongst the 21 provinces and evaluate their competitiveness in both individual categories and aggregate terms. A SWOT analysis on the competitiveness of each province is carried out, serving as a platform on which to formulate future long-term development policy.

Research on the competitiveness of the 21 provinces of Mongolia has been conducted since 2012.

Competitiveness encompasses the elements of productivity, profitability and benefit. However, competitiveness in itself cannot be considered the ultimate goal or destination. Instead, it is a tool or approach that is used to reach goals associated with increasing economic and social livelihoods and community values. Internationally, competitiveness lays the foundation for increased income and prosperity through enhanced productivity and profitability.