Umnugovi Province has a total area of 165,300 km2, containing 15 soums and 58 bags. The capital of the province is Dalanzadgad.
Umnugovi is the largest province in the country in terms of geographical size. The area is predominantly Gobi desert and has an average elevation ranging around 1,300-1,600m above sea level. There is however some continuance of the Altai Mountain range, with mountains of 3000m + elevation like Govi Gurvan Saikhan, Sevrei, Noyon Bogd, Nomgon, Tost, Nemegt, Altan Uul, Gilbent, and 100km long Khongor sand dune and couple dozen km vast Gobis like Galba, Borzon, Zeemeg, and Zag Sujiin.
The area has many springs such as Khadat, Nemegt, Zuulun, Enger Buleen and Talkhit cold springs, and the Elgen and Salkhit hot springs.
The steppe area in this province is rich in mineral resources like lead, copper, iron ore, marble, alabaster, feldspar and crystals. The province contains the Tavan Tolgoi deposit which holds several billion tons of high quality coal.
The province has extreme weather conditions. Temperatures range from -20 to 300C during winter and 30 to 380C during summer. The wind speed is 5 to 15m/sec with occasional bouts of 34 to 35m/sec.