The administration of this province was belonged to Ulaanbaatar between 1931-1942, however, this was changed to the current capital, Zuunmod in 1942.
Most of the territory of Tuv province has mountainous landscape, namely, the Khentii Mountain range at an elevation of 1,200 to 1,500m (the highest peak is Asralt Khairkhan at 2,800m). A total of 16.4 percent of all territory is forest, while 36.5 percent is steppe area.
The area of Tuv Province is considered as part of the Khentii-Khangai Mountain range and eastern Mongolian plains. The northern part of the province is covered with brown soil that is suitable for agriculture and in the southern part lays plains with small hills and mounds. There are more than 30 large and small rivers like Kherlen and Tuul. Also, there are springs such as Janchivlan, Tsaidam and Tsakhir.
16 species of endangered animals including deer, doe, moose, Argali –wild sheep, snowcock, swan etc. inhabit the area. About 30 different species of game animals like the squirrel, fox, marmot, steppe fox, boar, bear, and lynx also live in the area.